Jacobians
Shows the effect of a
change of variables in two dimensions on area units, using
the Jacobian to approximate the transformed areas.
How to use
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Examples
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Other Notes
How to Use
- Enter a change of variables from (u,v) coordinates
to (x,y) coordinates (in the form
x=f (u,v) and
y=g(u,v)) into the
text input fields
marked "x=f (u,v)="
and "y=g(u,v)="
(Example:
x=f (u,v)=u-v,
y=g(u,v)=u+v)
- Enter the Jacobian
J(u,v)=fu gv - fv gu
into the text input field marked
"J(u,v)=
fugv-fvgu="
(Example:
J(u,v)=2)
- Click the "Graph" button
(this button also refreshes the graph)
- Move the blue rectangle in the left graph
(Example:
(u,v)=(2,3))
This can be done in any of 3 ways:
- Enter the values directly into the text fields marked
"u=" and "v="
and click the
"Point" button to redraw the
blue rectangle in
the new left graph position (without recomputing the transformation)
- Use the mouse to click and drag
the red spot at the lower left
corner of the blue rectangle in the left graph
- Use the mouse to single-click anywhere in the left graph,
moving the blue rectangle to the grid rectangle
in which the mouse was clicked
(The mouse has no effect in the right graph)
- To erase the graph and all input fields, click the
"Clear" button
The text input fields
marked "x=f (u,v)=", "y=g(u,v)=",
and
"J(u,v)=
fugv-fvgu="
can accept
a wide variety of expressions to represent functions, and the
buttons under the graph allow various manipulations of
the graph coordinates.
The text input fields marked "u=" and
"v=" can accept any decimal numbers.
The "Grid" button provides a pop-up window which
allows changes to the bounds and spacing of the coordinate grid shown
in the left graph, and the transformed grid in the right graph.
Examples
Other Notes
The area of the blue rectangle in the left
graph is shown in the field marked "Left Area=".
With the point (u,v), shown in the left graph by the
position of the red point, the value of the
Jacobian J(u,v) provides a way to approximate
the area of the blue region in the
right graph, as the product of the left area and
J(u,v), shown in the field marked
"Area*J(u,v)=". The approximation is more
accurate for smaller values of the area in the left graph.